{"id":1957,"date":"2026-02-19T08:22:43","date_gmt":"2026-02-19T08:22:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/avukatsitesiwp.webboll.com\/?p=1957"},"modified":"2026-02-19T08:22:44","modified_gmt":"2026-02-19T08:22:44","slug":"hukukumuzda-dava-acilis-sureci-ve-dilekceler-asamasi-hmk-baglaminda","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/avdoganozkan.com\/index.php\/2026\/02\/19\/hukukumuzda-dava-acilis-sureci-ve-dilekceler-asamasi-hmk-baglaminda\/","title":{"rendered":"Hukukumuzda Dava A\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u015f S\u00fcreci ve Dilek\u00e7eler A\u015famas\u0131 (HMK Ba\u011flam\u0131nda)"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Hukukumuzda Dava A\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u015f S\u00fcreci ve Dilek\u00e7eler A\u015famas\u0131 (<em>HMK<\/em> Ba\u011flam\u0131nda)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>1. Giri\u015f<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Dava a\u00e7ma s\u00fcreci, bireylerin hukuki uyu\u015fmazl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 mahkemeler arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmleme yollar\u0131ndan biridir. T\u00fcrkiye&#8217;de hukuk yarg\u0131lamas\u0131na ili\u015fkin usuller <strong><em>6100 say\u0131l\u0131 Hukuk Muhakemeleri Kanunu<\/em> (<em>HMK<\/em>)<\/strong> \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde d\u00fczenlenmi\u015ftir. Bir davan\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131, dilek\u00e7eler a\u015famas\u0131 ve sonras\u0131nda ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen usul i\u015flemleri bu kanuna dayanarak y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclmektedir. Bu makalede, <em>HMK<\/em> ba\u011flam\u0131nda <strong>dava a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u015f s\u00fcreci ve dilek\u00e7eler a\u015famas\u0131<\/strong> detayl\u0131 bir \u015fekilde incelenecektir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>2. Dava A\u00e7ma Hakk\u0131 ve Mahkemeye Ba\u015fvuru S\u00fcreci<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>a) Dava A\u00e7ma Hakk\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">T\u00fcrk hukuk sisteminde <strong>hak arama \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc<\/strong>, <em>Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 36. maddesi<\/em> ile g\u00fcvence alt\u0131na al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Hukuki uyu\u015fmazl\u0131klarda mahkemeye ba\u015fvurmak isteyen ki\u015fi, <strong>davac\u0131<\/strong> olarak adland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r ve dava a\u00e7arak hukuki korunma talep edebilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>b) Yetkili ve G\u00f6revli Mahkemenin Belirlenmesi<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Dava a\u00e7madan \u00f6nce <strong>yetkili ve g\u00f6revli mahkemenin<\/strong> do\u011fru belirlenmesi gerekir:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>G\u00f6revli Mahkeme:<\/strong> <em>HMK m.2<\/em>\u2019ye g\u00f6re, kural olarak hukuk davalar\u0131nda g\u00f6revli mahkeme <strong>asliye hukuk mahkemeleridir<\/strong>. Ancak, <strong>\u00f6zel kanunlarla d\u00fczenlenmi\u015f konular<\/strong> i\u00e7in farkl\u0131 mahkemeler g\u00f6revlidir. (\u00d6rne\u011fin, i\u015f\u00e7i alacaklar\u0131 i\u00e7in i\u015f mahkemeleri, bo\u015fanma davalar\u0131 i\u00e7in aile mahkemeleri vb.)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Yetkili Mahkeme:<\/strong> Genel yetki kural\u0131na g\u00f6re davalar, daval\u0131n\u0131n yerle\u015fim yeri mahkemesinde a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131r <em>(HMK m.6)<\/em>. Ancak, baz\u0131 davalarda <strong>\u00f6zel yetki kurallar\u0131<\/strong> da s\u00f6z konusudur. (\u00d6rne\u011fin, ta\u015f\u0131nmaz davalar\u0131nda ta\u015f\u0131nmaz\u0131n bulundu\u011fu yer mahkemesi yetkilidir.)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>c) Dava A\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u015f Usul\u00fc<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Dava, <strong>mahkemeye sunulan dava dilek\u00e7esi ile<\/strong> a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131r <em>(HMK m.118)<\/em>. Dilek\u00e7enin kabul edilmesiyle birlikte <strong>tensip tutana\u011f\u0131<\/strong> d\u00fczenlenerek dava s\u00fcreci ba\u015flat\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>3. Dilek\u00e7eler A\u015famas\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>HMK<\/em>\u2019n\u0131n <strong>dilek\u00e7eler teatisi a\u015famas\u0131<\/strong>, <strong>taraflar\u0131n iddia ve savunmalar\u0131n\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 olarak sunduklar\u0131 s\u00fcreci<\/strong> ifade eder. Bu a\u015fama, a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki s\u0131ralama ile ilerler:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>a) Dava Dilek\u00e7esi<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Dava a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131rken mahkemeye sunulan ilk belge <strong>dava dilek\u00e7esi<\/strong>dir. <em>HMK\u2019n\u0131n 119. maddesi<\/em>ne g\u00f6re dilek\u00e7ede bulunmas\u0131 gereken zorunlu unsurlar \u015funlard\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"1\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Mahkemenin ad\u0131<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Taraflar\u0131n kimlik ve adres bilgileri<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Davac\u0131n\u0131n vekili varsa vekilin bilgileri<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Davan\u0131n konusu ve talep edilen hukuki koruma<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Olaylar\u0131n s\u0131ral\u0131 ve a\u00e7\u0131k anlat\u0131m\u0131<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Hukuki sebepler<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Deliller ve dayanak belgeler<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Sonu\u00e7 ve istem<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u00d6rne\u011fin: Bir i\u015f\u00e7i, k\u0131dem tazminat\u0131n\u0131 almak i\u00e7in i\u015fvereni aleyhine <strong>\u0130\u015f Mahkemesi\u2019ne<\/strong> ba\u015fvurdu\u011funda, dava dilek\u00e7esinde <strong>i\u015f s\u00f6zle\u015fmesinin sona erme nedeni, \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00fcre ve alacak miktar\u0131 gibi hususlar\u0131<\/strong> a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a belirtmelidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>b) Cevap Dilek\u00e7esi<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Daval\u0131, <strong>dava dilek\u00e7esinin kendisine tebli\u011f edilmesinden itibaren iki hafta i\u00e7inde<\/strong> cevap dilek\u00e7esi sunmal\u0131d\u0131r <em>(HMK m.127)<\/em>. Cevap dilek\u00e7esinde <strong>iddialar\u0131n kabul veya reddedildi\u011fi, savunman\u0131n dayand\u0131\u011f\u0131 hukuki gerek\u00e7eler ve deliller<\/strong> yer almal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>c) Cevaba Cevap ve \u0130kinci Cevap Dilek\u00e7esi<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Davac\u0131, daval\u0131n\u0131n cevab\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 cevaba cevap dilek\u00e7esi verebilir <\/strong><em>(HMK m.136).<\/em><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Daval\u0131, davac\u0131n\u0131n cevab\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 ikinci cevap dilek\u00e7esi sunabilir.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Bu d\u00f6rt a\u015fama tamamland\u0131ktan sonra <strong>\u00f6n inceleme a\u015famas\u0131<\/strong> ba\u015flar. <em>(HMK m.137)<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>4. Dava A\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u015f S\u00fcrecinde S\u0131k Sorulan 10 Soru ve Cevaplar\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"1\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Dava a\u00e7mak i\u00e7in avukat tutmak zorunlu mu?<\/strong><br>Hay\u0131r. Ancak, \u00f6zellikle karma\u015f\u0131k davalarda avukat yard\u0131m\u0131 almak \u00f6nerilir.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Dava dilek\u00e7esinde yanl\u0131\u015f bilgi verilirse ne olur?<\/strong><br>Yanl\u0131\u015f bilgi d\u00fczeltilmezse, kar\u015f\u0131 taraf\u0131n itiraz\u0131 halinde davan\u0131n reddiyle sonu\u00e7lanabilir.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Yetkili olmayan mahkemeye dava a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131rsa ne olur?<\/strong><br>Mahkeme <strong>g\u00f6revsizlik veya yetkisizlik karar\u0131<\/strong> vererek davay\u0131 reddeder ya da yetkili mahkemeye g\u00f6nderir. <em>(HMK m.20)<\/em><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Dava a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131ktan sonra davac\u0131, davas\u0131ndan vazge\u00e7ebilir mi?<\/strong><br>Evet. Ancak, daval\u0131n\u0131n onay\u0131 olmadan vazge\u00e7me h\u00e2linde, ayn\u0131 konuda tekrar dava a\u00e7\u0131lamaz. <em>(HMK m.123)<\/em><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Dilek\u00e7eler a\u015famas\u0131 tamamland\u0131ktan sonra ne olur?<\/strong><br>\u00d6n inceleme duru\u015fmas\u0131 yap\u0131l\u0131r ve tahkikat a\u015famas\u0131na ge\u00e7ilir. <em>(HMK m.137)<\/em><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Cevap dilek\u00e7esi verilmezse ne olur?<\/strong><br>Daval\u0131n\u0131n savunma hakk\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131rlan\u0131r ve davac\u0131n\u0131n iddialar\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda zay\u0131f bir konuma d\u00fc\u015febilir. <em>(HMK m.128)<\/em><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Dava harc\u0131 ve masraflar\u0131 nas\u0131l belirlenir?<\/strong><br>Davan\u0131n t\u00fcr\u00fcne g\u00f6re <strong>ba\u015fvuru harc\u0131, karar harc\u0131 ve tebligat giderleri<\/strong> mahkeme veznesine yat\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. <em>(HMK m.120)<\/em><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Dava s\u00fcresi ne kadar s\u00fcrer?<\/strong><br>Davan\u0131n i\u00e7eri\u011fine g\u00f6re de\u011fi\u015fmekle birlikte, ortalama 1-3 y\u0131l aras\u0131nda s\u00fcrebilir.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Dilek\u00e7eler a\u015famas\u0131 ne kadar s\u00fcrer?<\/strong><br>Genellikle <strong>2-3 ay i\u00e7inde tamamlan\u0131r.<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Davay\u0131 kazanan taraf t\u00fcm masraflar\u0131 geri alabilir mi?<\/strong><br>Evet, mahkeme <strong>yarg\u0131lama giderlerini haks\u0131z \u00e7\u0131kan tarafa y\u00fckler.<\/strong> <em>(HMK m.326)<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>5. Sonu\u00e7<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Hukukumuzda <strong>dava a\u00e7ma s\u00fcreci<\/strong>, dilek\u00e7elerin haz\u0131rlanmas\u0131 ve sunulmas\u0131yla ba\u015flayan sistematik bir prosed\u00fcre dayan\u0131r. Dava dilek\u00e7esi, yarg\u0131laman\u0131n temel ta\u015flar\u0131ndan biri olup <strong><em>HMK m.119<\/em>&#8216;a<\/strong> uygun \u015fekilde haz\u0131rlanmal\u0131d\u0131r. Dilek\u00e7eler a\u015famas\u0131n\u0131n ard\u0131ndan, \u00f6n inceleme ve tahkikat a\u015famalar\u0131 ile yarg\u0131lama devam eder. <strong>Yetkili ve g\u00f6revli mahkemeye do\u011fru dilek\u00e7eyle ba\u015fvurulmas\u0131, hukuki s\u00fcrecin sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 i\u015flemesini sa\u011flar.<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Hukukumuzda Dava A\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u015f S\u00fcreci ve Dilek\u00e7eler A\u015famas\u0131 (HMK Ba\u011flam\u0131nda) 1. Giri\u015f Dava a\u00e7ma s\u00fcreci, bireylerin hukuki uyu\u015fmazl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 mahkemeler arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmleme yollar\u0131ndan biridir. T\u00fcrkiye&#8217;de hukuk yarg\u0131lamas\u0131na ili\u015fkin usuller 6100 say\u0131l\u0131 Hukuk Muhakemeleri Kanunu (HMK) \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde d\u00fczenlenmi\u015ftir. Bir davan\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131, dilek\u00e7eler a\u015famas\u0131 ve sonras\u0131nda ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen usul i\u015flemleri bu kanuna dayanarak y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclmektedir. Bu makalede, HMK ba\u011flam\u0131nda dava a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u015f [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[37],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1957","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-usul-hukuku-ve-genel-hukuki-yazilar"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.0 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Hukukumuzda Dava A\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u015f S\u00fcreci ve Dilek\u00e7eler A\u015famas\u0131 (HMK Ba\u011flam\u0131nda) - AV. 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